Blacks in the Criminal Justice System Essay

All I wanted to do was pop down to the all night chemist and get some medicine for my wife. Should have been a job that took ten minutes at the most but here I am sitting in my car a good thirty minutes later waiting for this young police officer to decide if he wants to prosecute me for something or not. Should have known better than to drive my mother-in-law’s car I suppose. I should have bought my own; but there you go. Her car was behind mine, she didn’t have a problem with me taking it, she gave me the keys for goodness sake. But no way should a young black male be driving a posh Mercedes around at night on his own. No I would have been ignored perhaps if I had been driving the old ford compact. But then no I would have still been picked up, after all it is gone ten pm and this is a â€Å"nice† area. No copper on this beat would understand that I was actually only about 200 yards from home. But that’s not how things are done around here, are they? No, this copper thinks I have stolen the car, you can just tell by the amount of time he is spending on that radio of his. Doesn’t matter that I have already given him my license and registration for the car; doesn’t matter that I have given him my home phone number so he can speak to my mother-in-law herself. Nope you can just tell from the way this guy is looking at me that he is planning to arrest me for something tonight, he is just having trouble working out what for. Oh well, I guess I am about to find out what he wants now, here he comes again. Oh yes officer of course I will get out of the car – do I mind being searched, what difference does it make if I do. Can he look in the car, well I am not going to stop him, I know what happens to young blacks who â€Å"resist† during a pull-over. Pop the trunk, yes, stand aside, well yes to that as well. I wonder how he is going to turn two bags of flour and some sugar into a criminal offence – â€Å"carrying an illegal substance† perhaps? After all sugar is supposed to be bad for you. Honestly this copper, doesn’t he realize that I know exactly what he is doing and why – doesn’t he know that I know that if my skin color was different that he would not have even pulled me over in the first place. After all I wasn’t speeding, I know there is nothing wrong with the car, there was no way I could be considered â€Å"acting in a suspicious manner†, my only crime – my face doesn’t fit that of a Mercedes owner. Funny thing is that I deal with cases just like this one everyday in my profession. Oh yes, I didn’t mention to the policeman that I am a lawyer. Didn’t want to aggravate him any more than necessary. I am an educated Black man, â€Å"made my moma proud† I did. Went to college and everything and yes I work full time. That is how I am able to afford to live in this posh neighborhood. That’s how come I can provide for my wife, our new baby and even my mother-in-law. I am a hard working, law abiding, family orientated young black man. But to this police officer I am just trouble with a capital â€Å"T†. Finally, what, I can go now officer? Oh thank you so much officer, I really appreciate it and yes sir I will go home directly. After all I have only been trying to do that for the last thirty minutes. My wife will be worried that I have been gone for so long, the mother-in-law will think I have crashed her new car. What is really ironic is that when we moved into this area we didn’t ever stop to consider that maybe the color of our skin would influence the way we would be treated. We just wanted somewhere safe for our children to grow up. I work, I pay my taxes and I try and help others. We go to Church regularly and want to teach our kids to be decent human beings. But how am I ever going to explain to my own kids that prejudice will follow you no matter where you go in life. In this country the American dream might be achievable for some people, but not if you are male, young and black. In this country being young and black means you look like a criminal, especially to white police officers. Part Two: White police officer pulling over African American male in late model Mercedes. It is just typical, you know. I had just stopped and bought myself a hot dog and some fresh coffee and wouldn’t you know it, I see a young black male cruising past driving a late model Mercedes if you can believe it. Those cars are worth what, $60 – $70,000, and I guess this guy just thought he was so lucky when he had â€Å"acquired† it. Okay you know and I know that this car is going to be stolen, but innocent until proven guilty and all that, it is my duty nonetheless to find out where this thug, I beg your pardon, young man is going in this posh car. Who knows maybe he runs an all night valet service and is just dropping off the car to its owner. Actually come to think about it I am fairly sure that I saw this car earlier this evening, that’s right, some older white woman was driving it. I think I saw it parked outside that posh looking place just around the corner. I know that some new people had just moved in there, well tonight is their lucky night. Caught a guy red-handed with the stolen car and it will only take a few minutes to let the owners know it has been recovered. Hey, I haven’t even heard a bulletin about the car being missing yet – well that’s the police force for you. Fast, efficient and ready to recover items you didn’t even know were missing. You can’t get any better service than that. The driver seems polite enough. Had to approach the car really slowly, because although I had only seen the driver, his mates could have been laying down in the back seat. Heard an officer was killed just last week when he pulled up what he thought was one person and there were three more thugs hidden from view. Can’t be too careful, especially when he went for his license and registration in the glove box. Gave me a bit of a fright when he leaned over to get the stuff, but there was no way I was going to let that show. No way, I am just going to take these documents back and sit in my car for a minute to let my nerves calm down. Let him think I am on my radio, checking him out really good. Well isn’t that strange? No criminal record, no warrants outstanding for this young thug. Address given doesn’t match the one on the license, but he claims he has just moved into the area. Claims too that the car is his mother-in-laws, like that is right. What woman with a surname like â€Å"Gladstone-Price† would have a son-in-law that was obviously a thug and Black as well, that guy must have thought I was an idiot. Dispatch reckons there will be a slight delay trying the phone number that the driver gave for the owner of the car, so while I am waiting I will just go and take another look at the car and driver – let this guy know who is in charge around here. Nothing like a good frisk and a car search to let these criminals know that police authority was not something to be mucked about with, especially in this neighborhood. What a strange night. Gave the guy and the car a good going over but didn’t find anything illegal. Then dispatch calls and tells me that the guy is in the clear and that the owner is a Mrs. Gladstone-Price, and that yes she had loaned her car to her son-in-law, Quincey Parks. What was even more astounding is that apparently this Parks is a lawyer and that he and his wife have just moved to that posh house around the corner. No telling what that will do to the local house prices. Still no need to apologize or anything, he’s a lawyer, he should know what to expect. I’m sure if I did a check on his family half of his brothers would be serving time and the other half probably should be. Time to head off and get another hot dog and some coffee. That guy Parks did mention something about police harassment, but hey he should be more understanding than anybody. If he doesn’t like drawing attention to himself he should never have bought his new house, and he should have stayed with his own people. That’s the problem with Blacks today – give them rights and all of a sudden they go moving into your neighborhood. Well if he thinks he is going to be asked to join the residents association he is in for a bit of a shock, we don’t welcome his kind around here.

My Life Journey

My Life Journey By Iris Jackson There is an American gospel song â€Å"Wouldn’t Take Nothing For My Journey† also written in Maya’s Angelou book of quote is the song that reflects on my life journey and the road I am traveling today. After reflecting on my life I can say I have had the bitter with the sweet. Through all of them I have gain wisdom and knowledge. At the age 42 I know there are happy days after the rainy days. They all come to make me strong. In this paper I plan to share show I overcame many challenges and obstacles. Later on I will write about my childhood living in a rural area in N. C. I will include how many and hard times was a failure to my family. Last growing up in a Christian family. Living in a rural area in N. C. was rough. Southgate was on the back side of town down a dusty dirt road. There were no running water, no toilets, and no transportation. There were never enough money my father was the bread winner. My parents never had enough money for bill ,food or new clothes. My mother stayed home as a housewife. I can remember working on the farm with my parents. We had to pick peanuts ,corn and beans. My father raised pigs and chickens. I will never forget those hot days. Working in the field helped me to appreciate life today. I have learned to accept and not complain about things, It was never too late for hard times to knock on our door. My parents were strict we had to do a lot of chores back in the day. Levinson believe that everyone goes through the same basic pattern of development. ( Witt&Mossler 2010) My family was a Christian like family. My mother was an usher. My father was an deacon. They trusted god for everything. My mother taught me my first prayer. We would sit around the table and have Bible study with family and friends. I have learned today to put God first and he will do the rest. I can remember we had to go to church morning and evening. It grew up in me there is no better place I rather be. In all I go through I find church to be a hospital for the sick. The hard times have truly paid off. We didn’t have transportation so we had to walk to church. I think out of all my hobbies I like church the best. I wouldn’t take nothing for my journey right now. Erik Erikson expresses that Expressing hopes dreams and fears to an intimate partner also helps solidify and integrate self-image ( Witt& Mossler 2010) I also teach my son to go to church. He is our church drummer. I would like to thank my family for the love and support they have shown. The family that prays together stays together. I will keep looking up and never give up on my life journey. Again I say I want take Nothing for my journey right now. I feel like that a true song to the core.

Memos and Email Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Memos and Email - Essay Example We understand that this explanation will not return all the investments made to you and your family members, but in order to avoid such dramatic mistakes we are obliged to trace all such cases. Human factor was a major reason of this mistake. It blackened you rest at our hotel, and please accept my apologies for it. As the general manager of Colonnade Hotel and Resort I am responsible for all the failures of my employees and I deeply regret that professionalism absence brought such a discomfort to your family. It will be a great lesson to our hotel, and I will do my best in order to confirm that such incidents will not repeat in our hotel. In order to somehow correct our mistake I on behalf of our company invite you to return to the hotel where all necessary changes were made in order to guarantee you the most comfortable rest. We have booked one of the best rooms for you and your family in hope that this will help you to change your mind about our service. We will also provide you with a discount in 20 % for the whole period of stay. We will guarantee that your rest will be perfect till the day of check-out. I ensure you that your comfort as a priority of Colonnade Hotel and Resort will be under my close supervision this time and our staff will do its best to restore the good name of the company. We have made all necessary preparations to make sure that you holiday will be interesting and exciting, thus we have booked an additional trip for your family to the neighborhood village where you will be able to enjoy a special dinner in one of the best restaurants in the town. We hope you will accept our proposition and I assure you that you will not regret. Sometimes peoples` mistakes have unexpected but unpleasant consequences, but we value our every client and want to make sure that it will never happen again. This is to inform you that the unpleasant case with overbooking

The Turning Point of World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Turning Point of World War II - Essay Example Even though the United States was a world power with enormous resources - therefore earning the wariness of the Axis powers - it sat all the way on a different continent. The problem for the Allies was how to leverage these resources to win the war (ibid). The shipping lanes were already rank with the danger of German Uboats making the delivery of supplies and materiel dangerous. The Japanese owned the Pacific waters having built up their naval forces to include a dizzying armada or carriers, battleships, cruisers and destroyers. The pre-emptive strike at Pearl Harbor was meant to totally destroy the American naval force, which was seen by the Japanese as a threat to their Pacific dominance. In the face of the Axis momentum and advantage, America was faced with battle at two fronts, the European and Pacific. They believe that to win the war, victory in Europe against Hitler and Mussolini was imperative before tackling the Japanese(ibid). Therefore it was with this strategy that the Allied forces decided to halt the Axis onslaught. The tide turned in the favor of the Allies inexorably on both fronts during the Russian victory at Stalingrad and the British victory at el-Alamein. In the Pacific, it was the battle of Midway that capped a change of momentum to the Allied forces' favor. The battle at El Alamein - w... If the Germans were successful in broaching those lines, it would have spelled disaster for the Allies, particularly so because it was perilously close to the Suez Canal, a vital shipping link. (Kennedy, et al., 436). The Germans Afrikaa Corps were led by Field Marshall Irwin Rommel, nicknamed the Desert Fox for his daring and cunning in battle. Rommel caught the admiration and esteem of even his Allied foes, and was well-respected as a battle commander. The British forces, led by General Bernard Montgomery, and supplemented by several hundred Sherman tanks pushed back the German forces to Tunisia, 1000 miles away. (ibid) Another major setback for the Germans was their surprising defeat at Stalingrad. Hitler had hoped to sweep through the Russian motherland in a quick and timely fashion. However, Hitler underestimated the Russian winter and the determined resistance by the Russian Red Army. This led to many strategic errors. The German army subsequently had to tie up much resources and time towards conquering Russia. Their defeat was costly, not only in terms of men, supplies, and war materiel, but also strategically. El Alamein was costly because it signified the loss of one of Germany's best generals. Rommel was called back to Germany, and following his implication in an attempted assassination of Hitler, was forced to commit suicide. The Russian and African setbacks pushed back the forces of Hitler at with great casualties. From this point onwards, the Germans were on the defensive, suffering from the effects of having too many objectives and spreading their forces out too thin in the face of a greater opponent (Bailin et al., 762). Midway and the Pacific The Pacific Theater was different from the European theater in the sense that it was

Improving Construction Safety in Saudi Arabia Dissertation - 1

Improving Construction Safety in Saudi Arabia - Dissertation Example However, based on a premise of sustained and continuous improvement, it is desirable to find ways and means for improving construction health and safety in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a nation that presents certain constraints. A laxity in implementation of commercial and contractual laws and a traditional approach to solving problems related to labour shortage by recruitment of fixed-term contract labour as cheaply as possible from underdeveloped nations rather than efforts aimed at creating a permanent pool of labour through permanent immigration characterise most GCC countries. This study concludes that it is possible to improve construction health and safety in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by effective enforcement of existing health and safety laws, enacting legislation for off-site health and safety for migrant workers, maintaining a fund for social security and improving regulation of commercial and contractual transactions. ... 3.1 Research Approach for the Dissertation Project 46 3.3 Design and Administration of the Survey 49 3.4 Sample Selection and Sample Size 52 3.5 Analysis of the Survey Data 53 4 Results 58 5 Analysis and Interpretation 78 6 Conclusions and Recommendations 86 Appendix A – Survey Questionnaire 88 Appendix B – Consent Form 105 Bibliography / References 107 List of Figures Figure 1: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research 42 Figure 2: Suggested Research Process for Construction Management Research 43 Figure 3: The Research Process for Construction Research 45 (This page intentionally left blank) 1 Introduction It is rather unfortunate, but true, that the construction industry around the world had developed a reputation for being the industrial sector that presents higher statistics for industrial accidents, fatalities and deaths than any other (Coble, 2000, Pp. vii - viii). United States Department of Labour for the year 2006 indicated that construction fatalities represented about 21% of the total work force fatalities (Lambeck, 2009, Pp. 72 – 74). However, efforts directed towards continuous improvement in construction safety in many countries, including Japan, South Korea, China, etc. demonstrate that it is possible to reduce the incidence of occupational injury, serious accidents or deaths (Poon, 2008, Chapter 1). Statistics for construction industry accident frequency rates per million of men hour worked for Singapore suggest that with an accident frequency rate per million man hours of 3.5 for the construction sector in comparison to 1.9 for all other industries help to illustrate the notoriety of the construction sector (Poon, 2008, Chapter 1). However, results for Japan, Korea and Hong Kong demonstrate improvement with effort. Reports about the construction

Human resources system for employee self-self of royal mail Essay

Human resources system for employee self-self of royal mail - Essay Example It offers several services through these subsidiaries, which include parcel delivery system, postal mail services, general logistic system, and general services related to post (Russell, 2005 p45). Royal Mail focuses on delivering letters and packages to all part of the world. Currently, this company has 14,300 post office branches and 113,000 post boxes throughout the UK, which collect packages, letters and parcels from over 87,000 individuals and businesses. These commodities are collected through a diverse collection and transportation network that includes 33,000 bicycles and 30,000 vehicles (Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons Committee: Trade and Industry, 2006 p23). This paper provides strengths and weaknesses (internal analysis) of Royal Mail’s human resource management system for employees, and recommendation that should be adopted to improve its human resource management system and employees’ performances and efficiencies. Strengths The highly skilled and hard working employees, who are regularly motivated by the financial resources and efficient management, form the key strengths of Royal Mail. The company’s employees are offered improved new range of training and assured performance related pays (Plunkett, 2009 p76). Some of the Royal Mail’s employees are regarded as the company’s valuable assets. ... esource management system, and they include: the present contracts were renewed, and new standardized contracts were awarded to the employees; the newly introduced techniques and machinery help the employees achieve a world class standard performance, the newly revised Pension scheme plans were going to be directed to those employees in the Royal Mail pension plan (Russell, 2005 p58); the new plan for early retirement and temporary redundancy were going to be implemented with an immediate effect, and the minimum wages and working hours were also revised. The Royal Mail’s human resource management also puts employees’ safety in the forefront of the priority list. In order to motivate its staff members, this company has improved its working condition, stress relief exercise, self appraisal process, first aid facilities, and changes employees’ job duties over some time. The HRM has also included increments and promotions into the new plan. The Royal Mail has also de veloped a new method of dealing with the Trade Union. The trade union has been given a vital position in the company’s management activities. The union has also been requested to help employees to conform to the Organizational rules and regulations, and achieve sustainable competitive advantage (Chancery House, 2008 p26). An effective system of communication between the HRM and the trade union was also developed. Weaknesses There have been frequent complaints from customers regarding missing parcels and letters in some Royal Mail’s retail outlets. Careful investigation revealed that some of the company’s staff members have been involved in a series of mail theft over the past few years (Brooks, 2003 p118). This has reduced the Royal Mails reputation and prestige before it esteemed customers. This

Modern Dance and Ballet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Modern Dance and Ballet - Essay Example Therefore, the observation and analysis of this song demonstrates the development of contemporary dance and ballet. Contemporary dance and ballet exemplifies a form of sovereignty and liberty in the movements. Anciently, dance movements were entirely confined in a regular routine. In this case, antique choreographers viewed dance as a repetition of a regular sequence of movements (Dunning, 2). Subsequent generations of dancers criticized the principles that regulated ancient dance. According to the modern dancers, the ancient movements incapacitated originality in art. Therefore, they implemented a new technique that would enhance human fecundity, and that would be freer. Their implementation invented the movements in contemporary ballet. Isadora Duncan and Mary Wigman were amongst the spearheads of the new enactments (Foulkes, 1). This feature is evident in the performances of the song My Immortal. Upon performance of this song, dancers manifest a freer maneuver on stage. Additionally, creativity manifests in the occupation of the stage. In this case, the artiste is not limited to a rigid routin e. The performer takes abrupt, but congruent maneuvers in different spots of the stage. This feature amounts to an ideal stage occupation procedure. Consequently, the artiste captivates the audience to the movements on stage (Horosko, 12). Evidently, this exemplifies a modification from the ancient patterns of regular routines and movements on stage. Gestures are an indispensable aspect in dance. Contemporary ballet pronounced emphasis on the use of gestures in the movements (Brown, 22). This would also be an immense platform for the exploration of creativity in dancing art.

Effect of Gender Imbalance on Women's Status in the Colonail Period in Essay

Effect of Gender Imbalance on Women's Status in the Colonail Period in New France - Essay Example It is no different in the history of women’s status in Canada or ‘New France’. Gender imbalance in the colonial times put women in an ambivalent position of being valued as well as rejected if they do not come up to men’s expectations. This paper drew much information from cases published from the colonial era as primary sources as well as the works of Peter N. Moogk, Sylvia Van Kirk and Saliha Belmessous, historians who chronicled the culture of New France in Canada during the colonial times as secondary sources. It focused on how the gender imbalance at that time affected the status of women. During the colonial period in what has come to be known as New France, gender balance was askew in terms of number, as it was recounted by Belmessous1 that only 1,772 women emigrated to Canada as compared to 12,621 men, between the years 1608 and 1699. This sexual imbalance continued on till the end of the century. It is due to this lack of women that French colonial officers encouraged native Amerindian women to join the convent for their education to form them into proper ladies and be married off to French settlers instead of native men. It also implied that the convent-bred women had a great influence on the French men to be more cultured. Van Kirk2 explained that intermarriages, also known as â€Å"miscegenation† between French colonizers and the native Amerindians failed because of differing motives of the two cultures. The French Jesuits who encouraged native women to join the Ursuline convent admitted that they wanted the native women to be indoctrinated with their culture. One Jesuit offered that the intermarriage’s purposes were: â€Å"to make them like us, to give them the knowledge of the true God, . . . and that the marriages . . . were to be stable and perpetual.†3 This meant that native women should be Christianized and introduced to a gender-role that included spinning, sewing, knitting, taking care of anima ls, etc. that made them acceptable to their French mates. Native Huron chiefs believed the idea of intermarriage was favourable to them because the French traders make good Hurons, but questioned the French officials about bride price and their women’s right to property and divorce which were part and parcel of their own culture.4 These chiefs were made to understand that the native women would benefit much from such marriages through the teachings of the Ursuline nuns. However, only a small number of the native women were transformed and not many were interested in being successfully converted, so they were not considered acceptable as â€Å"founding mothers of New France† 5. The reverse of Native men â€Å"marrying out† to French women were looked down upon, as it was considered marrying beneath themselves. This is because a woman who married into an Indian tribe became an Indian herself and renounced her original culture. On the other hand, an Indian woman wh o married a foreigner legally ceased to be an Indian, losing all her rights to Indian status as well as her children.6 Thus, by the mid-nineteenth century, intermarriage became a usual practice of colonization and became a way of removing Aboriginal/Indian women from their own native cultures. Governor Vaudreuil7 justified his hostility against the intermarriage of French men and Amerindian women in saying that it divided the French men as they were integrated into their Amerindian wives’ clans. There was a great possibility that such action involved intertribal feuds and could have pitted the French

Conventional pharmacological therapies for ischaemic heart diseases Essay - 1

Conventional pharmacological therapies for ischaemic heart diseases and heart failure - Essay Example In the case of myocardial failure abnormality exists in the myocardium which leads to inability of myocardium to fulfill its required function to the heart. This leads to heart failure. In circulatory heart failure, the abnormality of circulation takes place. Any abnormality of circulation responsible for the inadequacy in the body tissue perfusion, for example, changes of vascular tones, decreased blood volume and disorder of heart function. The treatment of pathophysiology given by doctors is that they try to decrease the frequency of angina attack so that the prevention of acute coronary syndromes such as; MI could be survived. There are various treatments which could be given to the patient in case to prevent heart disease or heart failure. Some patients can be treated by the help of Bypass surgery, Left ventricular assist device (LVAD), Heart valve surgery, Infarct exclusion surgery or Heart transplant. All these treatments depend on the patient’s current state. (Heart Fa ilure Treatment)The proper diet helps to prevent heart failure which includes; fruits, vegetables, low fat products, eggs, meat, seafood, nuts, beans, peas etc. This could be done by taking the control over cholesterol improvement, blood pressure control, serum glucose control and smoking habits in the patients. (How Is Heart Failure Treated? )This whole treatment depends on after the doctor diagnoses the exact stage of heart failure. Heart failure can also be treated by the therapy of drugs treatment. The usage of such drugs might result in the cardiac of Congestive heart failure (CHF). Congestive heart failure is a clinical syndrome, which is developed due to the accumulation of the blood. The blood which is in front of the left heart or the blood on the right parts of the heart (Hanacek). The drugs may put the effect on cardiac preload, cardiac afterload or myocardial contractility. Those drugs which increase the cardiac preload or afterload will be harmful for the patient, and

How do companies in the retailing industry use twitter to interact Dissertation

How do companies in the retailing industry use twitter to interact with their customers Is Twitter a good tool to interact with - Dissertation Example The notion of â€Å"going global† that was once considered as a prestigious strategic option and it was reserved for mighty organizations in the past (Hennig-Thurau 2010). But in the current scenario of the global economy all of the companies regardless of age and size have the option to serve globally. The common examples that started small and with the passage of time went global include the names of Microsoft and Wal-Mart. The former one has its roots in a small room and the other one started out as a tiny shop in the village. The only thing that has helped the process of evolution in the business world is known as entrepreneurial skills and instincts. The abovementioned attributes has the power to help the process of economic growth and the internet grew significantly because it subliminally fulfilled the purpose of the business that is to experience growth (Raacke & Bonds-Raacke 2008). The cliche is true that states that the company which is not growing then perhaps it is dying out. The global reach is going to be the decisive factor of success in the futuristic market conditions of the international economy in the near future. The internet’s role is increasing in driving the lives of humans (Baird & Parasnis 2011). The internet technology is a huge network of networks that has infiltrated every aspect of human life and the essence of social life is also being lost because it is a complete rarity to communicate face to face. Everyone is using Twitter as the source of socializing (Kaplan & Haenlein 2011). According to modern psychology, the practice of e-socializing is bad for community because in the practical sense, the practice is playing a very powerful role in terms of adding loneliness in the lives. Introduction The information technology has become an integral part of common man’s life throughout the world and therefore, the companies have to adapt their practices in order to accommodate changing and fluxing preferences of the cu stomers (Edvardsson & Gruber 2011). The internet has grown as a notable and major means of doing business in the modern era of the 21st century. The e-commerce is effectively allowing the smaller firms to compete the larger ones in the global marketplace and because of this reason, the playing field has been leveled and that is allowing the organizational and managerial focus to shift from growing in size to efficiency (Kima & Ko 2012). The core business philosophy that is currently being followed in all walks of life is to drive down the costs so that product and service quality can be improved while, experiencing significant growth in terms of profitability (Thackeray, Neiger, Hanson, & McKenzie 2008). The modern times have also witnessed a massive level of knowledge explosion that has indeed made all of the world’s knowledge available on the web and therefore, every business has the ability to avail the information against minimal costs and this information is then, implem ented in the several fields (Boulton & Panizzon 1998). The Chinese nation has developed as an economic superpower because it managed to gather the knowledge that was created and implemented in the west. After gathering the information, Chinese government provided an infrastructure that supported and helped the local scholars in the process of contextualizing the knowledge and that very